How to create a mod to control the mood of a sim?
 

I'm new to sims 4 and modding.

Is there any ways that I can control the detailed mood update of a sim upon an event happening on him or in the environment?

For example, the sim becomes happier when someone scold him

Off-hand, the simplest workable scenario would be in a case where the sim is already going to get a moodlet from something. Like say they normally get uncomfortable when they're tired. You can use buff_replacements as part of a trait to replace the normal uncomfortable buff with a buff of your own, such as a sad moodlet.